Cupid’s Invisible Hand: Social Surplus and Identification in Matching Models

Alfred Galichon (1, 2) , Bernard Salanié (3)

1 NYU - New York University [New York]
2 ECON - Département d'économie (Sciences Po)
3 Columbia University [New York]

We investigate a model of one-to-one matching with transferable utility and general unobserved heterogeneity. Under a separability assumption that generalizes Choo and Siow (2006, Journal of Political Economy, 114, 175–201), we first show that the equilibrium matching maximizes a social gain function that trades off exploiting complementarities in observable characteristics and matching on unobserved characteristics. We use this result to derive simple closed-form formulae that identify the joint matching surplus and the equilibrium utilities of all participants, given any known distribution of unobserved heterogeneity. We provide efficient algorithms to compute the stable matching and to estimate parametric versions of the model. Finally, we revisit Choo and Siow’s empirical application to illustrate the potential of our more general approach.

Domaines: Economies et finances

Alfred Galichon, Bernard Salanié. Cupid’s Invisible Hand: Social Surplus and Identification in Matching Models. Review of Economic Studies, 2022, 89 (5), pp.2600-2629. ⟨10.1093/restud/rdab090⟩. ⟨hal-03893189⟩