Market disequilibrium, monetary policy, and financial markets : insights from new tools

Jean-Luc Gaffard (1) , Mauro Napoletano (1)

1 OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po)

We revisit the main building blocks of the theoretical models underlying the monetary policy consensus before the Great Recession. We highlight how the failure of these models to prevent the crisis and to provide guidance during the recession were due to the excessive confidence in the ability of markets to coordinate demand and supply, and to the neglect of the role of finance. Furthermore, we outline the main elements of an alternative approach to monetary policy that put emphasis on the processes driving coordination in markets, and on the externalities transmitted by financial inter-linkages. Many elements of this new approach are captured by new classes of models, namely, agent-based and financial network models. We discuss some insights from these models for the conduct of monetary policy, and for its interactions with fiscal and macroprudential policies.

Mots clés: Output-inflation dynamics; New keynesian models; Disequilibrium analysis; Agent based models; Fiscal monetary policy interactions; Quantitative easing policies

Domaines: Economies et finances

Jean-Luc Gaffard, Mauro Napoletano. Market disequilibrium, monetary policy, and financial markets : insights from new tools. 2018. ⟨hal-03458215⟩