D. Acemoglu, Changes in Unemployment and Wage Inequality: An Alternative Theory and Some Evidence, American Economic Review, vol.89, pp.1259-1278, 1999.
DOI : 10.3386/w6658

Y. Algan and C. Pierre, Job Protection: The Macho Hypothesis, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, vol.22, issue.3, 2003.
DOI : 10.1093/oxrep/grj023

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00395385

P. Auer and S. Cazes, Stable or Unstable Jobs: Untangling and Interpreting the Evidence in Industrialized Countries, 2000.

M. C. Berger, Changes in Labor Force Composition and Male Earnings: A Production Approach, The Journal of Human Resources, vol.18, issue.2, 1983.
DOI : 10.2307/145481

O. Blanchard, . Jean, and R. Perotti, An Empirical Characterization of the Dynamic Effects of Changes in Government Spending and Taxes on Output, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol.117, issue.4, pp.117-121, 2002.
DOI : 10.1162/003355302320935043

O. Blanchard, . Jean, and D. Quah, The Dynamic Effects of Aggregate Demand and Supply Disturbances, American Economic Review, 1989.
DOI : 10.3386/w2737

O. Blanchard, . Jean, and J. Wolfers, The Role of Shocks and Institutions in the Rise of European Unemployment: the Aggregate Evidence, The Economic Journal, vol.110, issue.462, pp.1-33, 2000.
DOI : 10.1111/1468-0297.00518

T. Boeri and P. Garibaldi, Shadow Activity and Unemployment in a Depressed Labor Market, p.3433, 2002.

T. Boeri and P. Garibaldi, Shadow Sorting, NBER Macroeconomic Annual-ISOM Conference, 2005.

P. Cahuc, F. Marque, and E. Wasmer, Intrafirm wage bargaining in matching models: macroeconomic implications and resolution methods with multiple labor inputs, 2004.

C. Harold, L. Rogerson, and R. , Can the Mortensen-Pissarides Matching Model Match the Business-Cycle Facts?, International Economic Review, vol.40, issue.427, pp.933-959, 1999.

C. J. Flinn and J. J. Heckman, Are Unemployment and Out of the Labor Force Behaviorally Distinct Labor Force States?, Journal of Labor Economics, vol.1, issue.1, pp.28-42, 1983.
DOI : 10.1086/298002

J. Galí, Technology, Employment and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations?, American Economic Review, 1999.

P. Garibaldi and E. Wasmer, Labor Market Flows and Equilibrium Search Unemployment, Journal of the European Economic Association, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01020784

P. &. Garibaldi and E. Wasmer, Equilibrium Search Unemployment , Endogenous Participation and Labour Market Flows, 2003.

V. Genre, . Gomez-salavador-ramon, and A. Lamo, European women: why do(n???t) they work?1, Applied Economics, vol.3, issue.12, 2003.
DOI : 10.1080/00036849700000020

URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.165.2605

J. H. Grant and D. S. Hamermesh, Labor Market Competition Among Youths, White Women and Others, Review of Economics and Statistics, pp.354-360, 1982.

D. S. Hamermesh, The Demand for Labor in the Long Run, Handbook of Labor Economics, 1986.
DOI : 10.3386/w1297

D. S. Hamermesh and J. Grant, Econometric Studies of Labor-Labor Substitution and Their Implications for Policy, The Journal of Human Resources, vol.14, issue.4, 1979.
DOI : 10.2307/145322

J. Florence, Female labour force participation: past trends and main determinants in OECD countries, 2003.

S. R. Jones, W. Ridell, and . Craig, The Measurement of Unemployment: An Empirical Approach, Econometrica, vol.67, issue.1, pp.147-162, 1999.
DOI : 10.1111/1468-0262.00007

D. T. Mortensen and C. A. Pissarides, Job Creation and Job Destruction in the Theory of Unemployment, The Review of Economic Studies, vol.61, issue.3, pp.397-415, 1994.
DOI : 10.2307/2297896

S. Nickell, . Nunziata, . Luca, and W. Ochel, Unemployment in the OECD Since the 1960s. What Do We Know?*, The Economic Journal, vol.12, issue.3, p.500, 2005.
DOI : 10.1086/250020

L. Nunziata, Labour market institutions and the cyclical dynamics of employment, Labour Economics, vol.10, issue.1, pp.31-53, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0927-5371(02)00106-9

C. A. Pissarides, . Garibaldi-pietro, C. Olivetti, P. Barbara, and W. Etienne, Women in the labor force: How well is Europe doing?, Women at Work. An Economic Perspective, 2005.

C. A. Sims, J. H. Stock, and M. Watson, Inference in Linear Time Series Models with some Unit Roots, Econometrica, vol.58, issue.1, pp.113-157, 1990.
DOI : 10.2307/2938337

L. A. Stole and J. Zwiebel, Organizational Design and Technology Choice under Intrafirm Bargaining: Reply, American Economic Review, vol.93, issue.1, pp.195-222, 1996.
DOI : 10.1257/000282803321455421

R. H. Topel, Wage Inequality and Regional Labour Market Performance in the US, Savings and Bequests, 1994.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-349-23612-1_4

R. H. Topel, Regional Labor Markets and the Determinants of Wage Inequality, American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings, vol.84, pp.17-22, 1994.

T. Robert and H. , Factors Proportions and Relative Wages: The Supply- Side Determinants of Wage Inequality, Journal of Economic Perpsectives, vol.11, pp.55-74, 1997.

E. Wasmer, Changes in the composition of labour supply. Implications for wages and unemployment, 1997.